Status of Organic farming

Organic farming ensures that nature stays clean and rich. If we visit an organic farm and we will notice a buzz of animal, bird, and insect activity. Research shows that there are around 30 percent more wildlife and plants near ecological production fields compared to conventional farming. This is because there are no pesticides, and fertilizer is used far less. Covid-19 pandemic has changed the perception of organic food, with spotlight now on safety and healthy food that is nutritious to build a strong immune system. It is time to talk about nutritional security not of food security only (which consist only carbohydrates). Among the host of healthy food options available, organic food is perceived as the preferred choice. Therefore, organic food witnessed an uptake since the onset of pandemic. Organically grown foods generally contain higher levels of antioxidants, certain micronutrients, no harmful chemicals, pesticides and fertilizers, better taste and most important thing is organically grown produce aids in the sustainability of the planet and in maintaining ecological balance.

According to FiBL survey 2021 India holds a unique position among 187 countries practicing organic agriculture. India is home to 30% of total organic producers in the world having 2.30 million ha. Total organic cultivation area, 27, 59,660 total farmers (11, 60,650 PGS and 15, 99,010 India Organic), 1703 total processors and 745 traders. A major relative increase of organic agricultural land was noted in recent past throughout the country.

World Scenario of Organic Agriculture
Organic agriculture is practiced in 187 countries, and 72.3 million hectares of agricultural land were managed organically by at least 3.1 million farmers. With the most organic agricultural land in Australia (35.69 m hectares) followed by Argentina (3.63 m hectares) and the Spain (2.35 m hectares). There has been an increase in organic agricultural land in all regions. The global sales of organic food and drink reached more than 106 billion euros in 2019. According to the latest FiBL survey on organic agriculture worldwide, organic farmland increased by 1.1 million hectares, and organic retail sales continued to grow. Apart from land dedicated to organic agriculture, there are further areas of organic land dedicated to organic activities. The largest part of these is wild collection areas and areas for livestock and beekeeping. Further non-agricultural areas include aquaculture, forest and grazing areas. These are totaled 35 million hectares. And all the organic areas together summed up to 107.4 million hectares (Organic World 2021).

Figure 01: Top Ten Countries in terms of largest certified organic area

Source: FiBL Survey 2021

The No. of Organic Producer increasing worldwide
In 2019, 3.1 million organic producers were reported. India continues to be the country with the highest number of producers (13,66,000), followed by Uganda (2,10,000), and Ethiopia (2,04,000). Most small-scale producers are certified in groups based on an internal control system. (FiBL Survey 2021)
Present Scenario of Organic Farming in India
Organic farming is in a nascent stage in India. About 2.30 million hectares of farmland was under organic cultivation as of March 2019. This is two per cent of the 140.1 million ha net sown area in the country. A few states have taken the lead in improving organic farming coverage, as a major part of this area is concentrated only in a handful of states. Madhya Pradesh tops the listwith 0.76 million ha of area under organic cultivation — that is over 27 per cent of India’s total organic cultivation area.
The top three states — Madhya Pradesh, Rajasthan and Maharashtra — account for about half the area under organic cultivation. The top 10 states account for about 80 per cent of the total area under organic cultivation.
Need for Organic Farming in India
The Green Revolution in the year 1960 changed the whole scenario in the field of agriculture where the farmers were introduced to high yielding seeds and fertilizers to maintain food security. Increasing productivity ensured profit but ultimately the land was turning barren due to the excessive usage of fertilizers making the soil infertile and pesticides turning the product dangerous to consume.

There are reasons for the need of the Organic Farming in India -

The organic food industry is rising and is growing very fast ensuring high profitability.
Food security needs to be addressed with the growing population and decreasing supply of resources which is why there is a need to increase the production but in a feasible and sustainable manner.
Maintaining a clean and green environment is equally important, thus environmental sustainability needs to be maintained which can be achieved through organic farming.
There needs to be an improvement in the health as the consumption can lead to many diseases such as cancer, infertility which happens when the toxic residue remains in the body, thus the safety of humans and animals are of utmost priority.
The strike of balance between the environment and the livelihood becomes immensely important due to the risks caused by conventional agriculture practices.

**Table-Indian Organic Agriculture Statistics for last 10 years (2011-12 to 2020-21)**
Sl No.	Year	Area Under Organic Cultivation		Number of farmers		Organic Production (MT)		Biofertilizer production		Total Organic Manure Production (MT)
Sl No.	Year	NPOP	PGS-India	NPOP	PGS-India	NPOP	PGS-India	Liquid (in KL)	Career Based (MT)	Total Organic Manure Production (MT)
1	2011-12	5550405	0		0		0	40324.21		34863600
2	2012-13	5211141	0		0		0	46836.82		41157700
3	2013-14	4719816	6064.14		5809		23612.42	2922.38	53838.3	22941500
4	2014-15	5690000	9249.39		11118		1079*	4054.56	80696.45	22986200
5	2015-16	5710384	19281.91		19355		6321660.53	6240.92	88029.3	25478600
6	2016-17	4452987	96291.6		173846		8760810.96	7526.33	109020.11	28029900
7	2017-18	3566538	6455.29		84618		17132676.09	9033.06	121066.54	33872000
8	2018-19	3428639	124989.9		166571		989255.06	22555.27	70417.77	41100974
9	2019-20	3669801	222369.55		365253		2047535.9	30105.94	79446.61	60594104
10	2020-21	4339185	7568.3	1599010	12074	3496800.34	3399520.21	42239.94	192329.29	42940832
Source:
as per IFOAM FiBL The world of Organic Agriculture, Statistics and emerging trends for respective years
PGS-India Web Portal
*As per year wise certificate data available on PGS-India portal dashboard
NCOF Annual report for respective years
CONSOLIDATED ORGANIC AGRICULTURAL STATISTICS FOR THE YEAR 2020-21 (https://apeda.gov.in/apedawebsite/organic/data.htm)
Data Not avilable
Data from source yet to identified

STATE WISE PRODUCTION OF ORGANIC FERTILIZERS IN INDIA (2020-21)
Sl. No.	State	City Compost (A)	Organic manure (B)	Vermi0compost (C)	PROM (D)	Bioenriched Organic Manure (E)	Rural Compost (F)	Farm Yard Manure (G)	Total Manure MT {A+B+C+ D+E +F+G)	Deoiled Cake MT
1	Andhra Pradesh	0	8.02	336.00	0	88.5	0	0	432.52	4108.00
2	Arunachal Pradesh	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
3	Assam	2350	49100	107731.22	1702	803.6	1312	11945	174943.82	121
4	Bihar	0	29215.1	75556.95	0	0	0	0	104772.05	0
5	Chhattisgarh	3998	829643	76150.46	0	0	515333	1002801	2427925.5	0
6	Delhi	21677	269	1098	0	0	0	0	23044.00	0
7	Goa	0	00	460	0	0	0	0	460.00	0
8	Gujarat	44236.56	87295.6	2128	27446.18	3500	4290	125450	294346.338	7130
9	Haryana	0	223.15	0	4576.410	0	0	0	4799.54	0
10	Himachal Pradesh	0	0	22.00	0	0	0	0	22.00	0
11	Jammu & Kashmir	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	00.00	0
12	Jharkhand	6196	5	360	40	4	0	0	6605	0
13	Karnataka	68824	183769	31355	14704	15092	1011125	37542874	38867743	2031
14	Kerala	9885.88	26038.75	752.5368	144	6489.032	312.6	356.89	43979.68	2330.25
15	Madhya Pradesh	5436.7	28377	25520.9	11140.9	0	0	0	70475.4	0
16	Maharashtra	42231.00	34909.00	13312.00	40993.00	0	0	0	131445.00	7678.3
17	Manipur	0	100	0	0	50	0	0	150	0
18	Meghalaya	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
19	Mizoram	0	0	6	0	0	0	0	6	0
20	Nagaland	0	15015	1060.5	0	0	12726	52520	81321.5	0
21	Odisha	13153.5	12,102	17064.5	680	785	0	5565	49,350	0
22	Punjab	36005.22	1458.66	545	6116.98	37.22	0	0	44163.08	236.47
23	Rajasthan	17870	2960	12425	11442	70	0	0	44767.00	0
24	Sikkim	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
25	Tamil Nadu	57456.8	55461.55	4451.042	588.9816	157.7	324149	0	442265	20138
26	Telengana	24706.00	1197.1	29.121	927.3	230.0	0	0	27134.00	0
27	Tripura	0	0	522.015	383.05	85.151	0	0	990.216	0
28	Uttar Pradesh	0	7703	131	7614.75	17789.49	0	0	33238.24	0
29	Uttarakhand	2100	396.64	0	3462.63	0	0	0	5959.27	2700
30	West Bengal	50750	261	2343.09	810.7	7983.84	0	114.69	59294.32	0
31	Chandigarh	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
32	Puducherry	0	0	0	0	0	600	600	1200	70
	Total	406876.66	1,365,507.57	373360.3348	132772.8816	53077.033	1869847.6	38742226.58	42,940,832.474	46543.02
Source : Data received from states.

STATEWISE PRODUCTION OF BIOFERTILISERS IN INDIA (2020-21)
SI.No.	State	Carrier based (MT)	Liquid based (KL)
1	And &Nic island	0	0
2	Andhra Pradesh	123.19	98.49
3	Daman & Diu	0.00	0.00
4	Karnataka	1446.50	870.53
5	Kerala	164.98	2612.00
6	Lakshdweep	0.00	0.00
7	Puducherry	97.17	2.16
8	Tamilnadu	88652.43	434.313
9	Telangana	448.72	150.14
9	Chattisgarh	558.88	268.68
10	Gujrat	19483.31	8055.72
11	Goa	30.00	0.00
12	Madhya Pradesh	21834.30	15811.10
13	Maharashtra	5328.18	2140.95
14	Rajasthan	10612.00	0.00
15	D & N Haveli	0.00	0.00
16	Delhi	0	0
17	Chandigarh	0.00	0.00
18	Haryana	3105.42	113.17
19	Himachal Pradesh	0.22	0.22
20	Jammu & Kashmir	0.00	0.00
21	Punjab	16042.27	361.37
22	Uttar Pradesh	0.00	5725.64
23	Uttarakhand	3708.83	1150.81
24	Bihar	74.59	2.11
25	Jharkhand	0.00	0.00
26	Odisha	19406.64	859.60
27	West Bengal	448.59	33.54
28	Arunachal Pradesh	0.00	0.00
29	Assam	438.54	3447.35
30	Manipur	20.00	24.01
31	Meghalaya	0.00	0.00
32	Mizoram	1.40	0.00
33	Nagaland	19.14	0.00
34	Sikkim	0.00	69.02
35	Tripura	283.99	9.02
	Grand Total	192329.2896	42239.9351

STATEWISE PRODUCTION OF BIOFERTILISERS IN INDIA (2020-21) (Zone wise)
	State	Carrier based (MT)	Liquid based (KL)
South Zone
1	Andaman & Nicobar Island	0	0
2	Andhra Pradesh	123.19	98.49
3	Daman & Diu	0.00	0.00
4	Karnataka	1446.50	870.53
5	Kerala	164.98	2612.00
6	Lakshadweep	0.00	0.00
7	Puducherry	97.17	2.16
8	Tamil Nadu	88652.43	434.313
9	Telengana	448.72	150.14
West Zone
1	Chhattisgarh	558.88	268.68
2	Gujarat	19483.31	8055.72
3	Goa	30.00	0.00
4	Madhya Pradesh	21834.30	15811.10
5	Maharashtra	5328.18	2140.95
6	Rajasthan	10612.00	0.00
7	Dadar& Nagar Haveli	0.00	0.00
North Zone
1	Delhi	0	0
2	Chandigarh	0.00	0.00
3	Haryana	3105.42	113.17
4	Himachal Pradesh	0.22	0.22
5	Jammu & Kashmir	0.00	0.00
6	Punjab	16042.27	361.37
7	Uttar Pradesh	0.00	5725.64
8	Uttarakhand	3708.83	1150.81
East Zone
1	Bihar	74.59	2.11
2	Jharkhand	0.00	0.00
3	Odisha	19406.64	859.60
4	West Bengal	448.59	33.54
North East Zone
1	Arunachal Pradesh	0.00	0.00
2	Assam	438.54	3447.35
3	Manipur	20.00	24.01
4	Meghalaya	0.00	0.00
5	Mizoram	1.40	0.00
6	Nagaland	19.14	0.00
7	Sikkim	0.00	69.02
8	Tripura	283.99	9.02
	Total	192329.2896	42239.9351
* Source : Data received from States

Status of Organic farming

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